Aim
Aromatase inhibitors and androgen deprivation therapy, as hormone therapy treatment for breast and prostate cancer respectively, increase risk of osteoporosis in cancer survivors due to accelerated bone loss. A literature review was conducted to examine evidence supporting bone health management strategies and identify current practice patterns in implementing these strategies.
Method
Cochrane, MEDLINE, PubMed and Scopus were searched for relevant literature.
Results
Randomised controlled trials on third generation bisphosphonates were reviewed. Participants in these trials who received alendronate, risedronate or zoledronic acid had significant increases to bone mineral density compared to those on placebo. The loss of bone mineral density for those taking placebo was despite standard procedure of calcium and vitamin D supplementation. Observational studies on bone health management adherence were also reviewed. Suboptimal care was provided in the form on bone mineral density screening, nutritional supplementation advice and bisphosphonate prescription.
Conclusion
Further research into the safety and efficacy of bisphosphonates from studies of longer duration are required, which may inform on fracture prevention. Easily accessible guidelines and strategies to address barriers to improved bone health management of breast and prostate cancer patients are required.